The discovery of oil has raised hopes for economic transformation but also concerns about resource mismanagement and political corruption.

This question focuses on the protection and promotion of human rights within democratic frameworks in Africa. It explores the mechanisms in place to ensure civil liberties, political freedoms, and social rights are upheld.

Uganda hosts one of the largest refugee populations in Africa, which affects its politics, economy, and regional relations.

Museveni has been in power since 1986, making him one of Africa’s longest-serving leaders. His leadership has been praised for stability and economic growth but criticized for authoritarian tendencies. Understanding his impact helps in assessing Uganda’s progress

Here, the question focuses on how political leaders in Africa are addressing climate change, its effects on agriculture, water resources, and migration, and the policies they implement to promote environmental sustainability.

Youth movements, especially in recent years, have become a driving force for political change, challenging traditional power structures.

This question looks at the role of political parties in shaping democracy in Africa, from providing political choices to the electorate to influencing policy decisions and ensuring accountability in government.

The coexistence of traditional leadership and democratic institutions presents unique challenges and opportunities for governance.